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中英文对照 计算机专业时文选读(四九三) 易水

易水

Where LANs and WANs intersect(2)
With applications such as multimedia
emerging,carriers are turningtheir atte
ntion to high-speed network services.On
e possibility is SMDS.which provides us
ers Tl to T3 data networking services.S
MDS is arelatively mature technology,bu
t the service has not garnered much int
erest.One reason is cost.Carriers have
set high prices for SDMS.
Riverside County is a good SMDScandid
ate because its data trafficis concentr
ated and high volume.The government age
ncy operates a five-location network th
at connects 4,500 users to a variety of
computers including IBM mainframes,a s
mattering of Unix workstations,and PCs
running on Vines and NetWare LANs.But t
he county has lost interestin SMDS.“Car
riers do not seem to be rolling out SMD
S services quickly,”notes Frymire,the d
ata networkchief.
Local telephone companies have demons
trated the SMDS support.Manyhave offere
d the service since 1992.On the long di
stance front,support has been limited.M
CI Corp.has been a staunch backer.But’A
T&T andWiltel have no plans to offer th
eservice.
The quick emergence of ATM is another
factor for the lack of interest in SMD
S.ATM is gaining the reputation as a hi
gh-speed
Holy Grail.Unlike all other services,A
TM canoperate on customer LANs as well
as WANs.Consequently,corporations could
seamlessly intergrate their networks a
nd simplify network management.
ATM also mitigates migration issues.T
raditionally,customers had toswap out l
ow-speed technology to use higher speed
services.ATM was designed to span a ra
nge of speeds:from 45 Mbps to more than
1 gigabit per second.Consequently,move
s tohigher speeds should be simpler.
But ATM has blemishes.The standards a
re incomplete and network management is
one of the gray areas.Vendors made a l
ot of progress outlining ATM standards
during the past few years but a number
of areaswhere work is still needed rema
ins.
Also,ATM technology was designedfor T
3 connections and the numberof users re
quiring that much bandwidth is limited.
In general,ATM services and products
are immature.
ATM equipment is just beginningto com
e to market.Cisco unveiled its ATM stra
tegy in February and will deliver produ
cts during the year,NET has been at the
forefront ofATM development but has a
handfulof customers.LAN equipment,such
aswriting hubs is also needed.Fore Syst
ems Inc.Pittsburgh,Pa.has emerged as a
leader in that area.
As ATM limitations become clearer,ven
dors are tempering ATM hyperbole.Right
now,a lot of companies are kicking the
tires and trying todetermine how ATM ca
n improve their network’s operation.Wid
e-scale deployment is a couple of years
away.
参考译文 局域网与广域网的交汇点(2)
随着诸如多媒体之类应用的出现,电话公司正将其注意力转到高速网络服务上。其中
一个可能性是SMDS,它为用户提供从T1到T3的数据连网服务。SMDS相对而言
是一种较成熟的技术,但这项服务并没有引起多大的兴趣。原因之一是成本。电话公司给
SMDS的定价很高。
(美国)河边县是选用SMDS的一个好例子,因为该县的数据流量集中,且数量又
大。该县政府机构运行一个五地点的网络,它把4500个用户连到多种多样的计算机上
,其中有IBM大型机、多种Unix工作站以及运行在Vines和NetWare局
域网上的PC机。但该县已失去对SMDS的兴趣。该县数据网络负责人Frymire
称:“电话公司看来不急于推出SMDS服务。”
本地电话公司已演示了对SMDS的支持。多数公司自1992年以来就已提供这种
服务。但在长途电话方面,这种支持很有限。MCI公司是坚定的支持者,然而AT&T
和Wiltel公司尚无计划提供这种服务。
ATM的快速崛起是人们对SMDS失去兴趣的另一个原因。像一种高速神圣物一样
,ATM的名声越来越大。ATM与其它所有的服务不同,既能在客户局域网、也能在广
域网上工作。因而,各公司可以天衣无缝般地将其多个网络集成起来,并简化网络管理
ATM也缓解了迁移问题。传统上,客户为使用更高速度的服务不得不换掉低速技术
。而ATM设计是工作在很宽的速度范围内:从45兆位/秒到超过1千兆位/秒。因而
,转到更高的速度上应该是较为简单的。
但ATM也有不足之处。其标准尚不完整,网络管理也是令人不快的领域之一。在过
去几年中,供应商们在描述ATM标准方面取得了诸多进展,但尚有一些方面仍需要做工
作。
同时,ATM技术是设计用于T3连接的,需要这样大带宽的用户数目也是有限的。
一般而言,ATM服务和产品尚未成熟。ATM设备刚刚开始进入市场。今年二月,
Cisco公司公布了它的ATM策略,并将在年内拿出产品。NET公司一直站在AT
M开发的前沿,但只有少量客户。局域网设备,如布线集中器,也是需要的。宾夕法尼亚
州匹兹堡的Fore Systems公司已作为这方面的领先者出现。
随着ATM的局限性变得更为明显,各供应商正在降调吹嘘ATM。目前,很多公司
在加速研究,试图要确定ATM在多大程度上可改进他们网络的运作。大规模部署ATM
还是几年以后的事。

(计算机世界报 1994年 第21期)



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